Cryoglobulinemia Type I in Patient with History of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Unknown Significance: A Case Report
Main Article Content
Keywords
Dermatology, Cryoglobulinemia, Cryoglobulinemia Type I, Monoclonal Gammopathy of Unknown Significance (MGUS), Cryoglobulins
Abstract
Cryoglobulinemia is a form of vasculitis causing inflammation of the blood vessels due to aggregated proteins that clump together at cold temperatures, causing damage to skin, muscles, nerves, and other organs. An elderly black female presented with superficial ulceration with overlying eschar within areas of retiform purpura of her bilateral thighs present for 8 months. She was previously diagnosed with vaso-occlusive disease before presenting to our clinic for further evaluation and management. Upon investigation, we have concluded that the patient has cryoglobulinemia type I.
References
2. De Vita S, Quartuccio L, Isola M, et al. A randomized controlled trial of rituximab for the treatment of severe cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. Arthritis & Rheumatology. 2012;64(3):843-853. doi:10.1002/art.34331
3. Terrier B, Karras A, Kahn J-E, et al. The spectrum of type I cryoglobulinemia vasculitis. Medicine. 2013;92(2):61-68. doi:10.1097/md.0b013e318288925c
4. Bhandari J, Awais M, Aeddula NR. Cryoglobulinemia. StatPearls. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557606/. Published 2022. Accessed January 10, 2023.
5. Dammacco F, Lauletta G, Vacca A. The wide spectrum of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis and an overview of therapeutic advancements. Clinical and Experimental Medicine. March 2022. doi:10.1007/s10238-022-00808-1
6. Morra E. Cryoglobulinemia. Hematology. 2005;2005(1):368-372. doi:10.1182/asheducation-2005.1.368
7. Murphy A, Kilian A, Lowe L, Marder W. Severe cutaneous necrosis associated with type I cryoglobulinemia. JAAD Case Reports. 2019;5(8):736-738. doi:10.1016/j.jdcr.2019.06.020
8. Brouet J-C, Clauvel J-P, Danon F, Klein M, Seligmann M. Biologic and clinical significance of Cryoglobulins. The American Journal of Medicine. 1974;57(5):775-788. doi:10.1016/0002-9343(74)90852-3
9. Harel S, Mohr M, Jahn I, et al. Clinico-biological characteristics and treatment of type I monoclonal cryoglobulinaemia: A study of 64 cases. British Journal of Haematology. 2014;168(5):671-678. doi:10.1111/bjh.13196
10. Pascual M, Perrin L, Giostra E, Schifferli JA. Hepatitis C virus in patients with Cryoglobulinemia Type II. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 1990;162(2):569-570. doi:10.1093/infdis/162.2.569
11. Liu PY, Prete PE, Kukes G. Leukocytoclastic vasculitis in a patient with type 1 cryoglobulinemia. Case Reports in Rheumatology. 2011;2011:1-3. doi:10.1155/2011/124940