Pediatric Viscerocutaneous Loxoscelism: A Web of Clinical Challenges
Main Article Content
Keywords
spider bite, brown recluse spider, Systemic loxoscelism
References
1. Vetter RS, Barger DK. An infestation of 2,055 brown recluse spiders (Araneae: Sicariidae) and no envenomations in a Kansas home: implications for bite diagnoses in nonendemic areas. J Med Entomol. 2002;39(6):948-951. doi:10.1603/0022-2585-39.6.948
2. Swanson DL, Vetter RS. Bites of brown recluse spiders and suspected necrotic arachnidism. N Engl J Med. 2005;352(7):700-707. doi:10.1056/NEJMra041184
3. Mold JW, Thompson DM. Management of brown recluse spider bites in primary care. J Am Board Fam Pract. 2004;17(5):347-352. doi:10.3122/jabfm.17.5.347
4. Anoka IA, Robb EL, Baker MB. Brown Recluse Spider Toxicity. [Updated 2022 Aug 8]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537045/
5. Lee S, Lynch KR. Brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa) venom phospholipase D (PLD) generates lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Biochem J. 2005;391(Pt 2):317-323. doi:10.1042/BJ20050043
6. Chaim OM, da Silveira RB, Trevisan-Silva D, et al. Phospholipase-D activity and inflammatory response induced by brown spider dermonecrotic toxin: endothelial cell membrane phospholipids as targets for toxicity. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011;1811(2):84-96. doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2010.11.005
7. Wasserman G, Lowry J, Algren DA. Systemic loxoscelism - not so quick!. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2009;47(8):837-838. doi:10.1080/15563650903218724
8. Sams HH, King LE Jr. Brown recluse spider bites. Dermatol Nurs. 1999;11(6):427-433.
9. Lung JM, Mallory SB. A child with spider bite and glomerulonephritis: a diagnostic challenge. Int J Dermatol. 2000;39(4):287-289. doi:10.1046/j.1365-4362.2000.00928.x
10. Rhoads J. Epidemiology of the brown recluse spider bite. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2007;19(2):79-85. doi:10.1111/j.1745-7599.2006.00201.x
11. Elston DM, Eggers JS, Schmidt WE, et al. Histological findings after brown recluse spider envenomation. Am J Dermatopathol. 2000;22(3):242-246. doi:10.1097/00000372-200006000-00006
12. Hadanny A, Fishlev G, Bechor Y, Meir O, Efrati S. Nonhealing Wounds Caused by Brown Spider Bites: Application of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2016;29(12):560-566. doi:10.1097/01.ASW.0000504578.06579.20
2. Swanson DL, Vetter RS. Bites of brown recluse spiders and suspected necrotic arachnidism. N Engl J Med. 2005;352(7):700-707. doi:10.1056/NEJMra041184
3. Mold JW, Thompson DM. Management of brown recluse spider bites in primary care. J Am Board Fam Pract. 2004;17(5):347-352. doi:10.3122/jabfm.17.5.347
4. Anoka IA, Robb EL, Baker MB. Brown Recluse Spider Toxicity. [Updated 2022 Aug 8]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537045/
5. Lee S, Lynch KR. Brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa) venom phospholipase D (PLD) generates lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). Biochem J. 2005;391(Pt 2):317-323. doi:10.1042/BJ20050043
6. Chaim OM, da Silveira RB, Trevisan-Silva D, et al. Phospholipase-D activity and inflammatory response induced by brown spider dermonecrotic toxin: endothelial cell membrane phospholipids as targets for toxicity. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011;1811(2):84-96. doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2010.11.005
7. Wasserman G, Lowry J, Algren DA. Systemic loxoscelism - not so quick!. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2009;47(8):837-838. doi:10.1080/15563650903218724
8. Sams HH, King LE Jr. Brown recluse spider bites. Dermatol Nurs. 1999;11(6):427-433.
9. Lung JM, Mallory SB. A child with spider bite and glomerulonephritis: a diagnostic challenge. Int J Dermatol. 2000;39(4):287-289. doi:10.1046/j.1365-4362.2000.00928.x
10. Rhoads J. Epidemiology of the brown recluse spider bite. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2007;19(2):79-85. doi:10.1111/j.1745-7599.2006.00201.x
11. Elston DM, Eggers JS, Schmidt WE, et al. Histological findings after brown recluse spider envenomation. Am J Dermatopathol. 2000;22(3):242-246. doi:10.1097/00000372-200006000-00006
12. Hadanny A, Fishlev G, Bechor Y, Meir O, Efrati S. Nonhealing Wounds Caused by Brown Spider Bites: Application of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2016;29(12):560-566. doi:10.1097/01.ASW.0000504578.06579.20